A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament: Matt 5:44 επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας

Monday, December 5, 2011

Matt 5:44 επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας

Cf. the note on Matt 5:44 ευλογειτε . . . υμας, which is inseparably connected with the present variation. The witnesses that here do not have επηρεαζοντων υμας και (Aleph B f1 22 279 660* 1192 2701 2786* k sy-s.c sa bo-pt; Or-pt Cyp) are practically identical with those that omit the nine words earlier in this verse. It is peculiar that Meyer (111), who accepts the authenticity of those nine words, says that επηρεαζοντων υμας και is "very suspicious" and "betrays itself as an interpolation" from Luke 6:28. At least 44 manuscripts instead omit και διωκοντων υμας, either due to homoeoteleuton error or, as Küster notes (cf. Mill, 13), because "the preceding expression includes the sense of it." This latter motivation, which probably played a role in the larger omission earlier in this verse and in the same witnesses, almost certainly may be applied to the omission of επηρεαζοντων υμας και. Indeed, although Griesbach thinks these words as the others in the verse were imported from Luke 6:27–8, he concedes, "We nevertheless confess that the words επηρεαζοντων υμας και, which can be left out without harming the sense, also could have been omitted wrongly by careless scribes" (1:58). Kühnöl (167) similarly reasons, "But also these very words, επηρεαζοντων υμας και, are omitted by some manuscripts, versions, and fathers, by Origen five times, although he has them twice; but it appears that this omission must be attributed to the carelessness of scribes."

Consulting the fathers is instructive: Origen sometimes has διωκοντων υμας and sometimes επηρεαζοντων υμας; Clement, who is earlier, has επηρεαζοντων ημιν, while Theophilus similarly has επηρεαζοντων υμας; the Latin of Irenaeus has et orate pro eis qui vos oderunt, which, the critic being mindful of the motivation behind the larger omission to balance this verse with the clauses of 5:43, probably renders και προσευχεσθε υπερ των μισουντων υμας; Cyprian unsurprisingly agrees with Bobiensis (k/1) and renders διωκοντων υμας. Thus the motivation for scribal omission of one or the other phrase is clear: the use of two similar terms, επηρεαζοντων and διωκοντων, appeared superfluous, with some scribes choosing one and others another to "improve" the style, but most simply copied both terms as transmitted previously. Consequently, the original wording is preserved in most Greek witnesses (including D E K L M S U W Δ Θ Π Σ Ω 055 0211 0257 f13 33), the oldest Old Latin witness (a/3) and other important ones (b/4 c/6 f/10 h/12), the oldest Coptic witness (mae-1), Eusebius, the Apostolic Constitutions, Chrysostom, and others. In addition, it is quite possible that the earliest allusion to the consensus reading appears as early as the mid-second century in Polycarp, To the Philippians 12.3, where Polycarp urges the Philippians to pray "for those who persecute and hate you" (orate . . . pro persequentibus et odientibus vos).

Text und Textwert #15 results:

1    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
07 017 019 021 028 030 037 038C 041 042 045 055 0211 0257 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 34 35 36 37 38 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59C 60 61 63 64 65 66 67 68 70 71 72 73 75 76 77 78 80 83 84 86 89 90 98 100 105 106 107 108 109 111 112 113 114 116 117 118S 119 120 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135S 136 137 138 140 141 143 144 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154C 155 158 159 161 162 164 165 167 170 171 174 175 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 192 195 196 198 199 200 201 202 204 207 208 210 212 213 215 217 218 219 220 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 234 236 237 238 240 243 244 245 246 247 248 251 259 260 261 262 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 280 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 293 294 296 298 299 300 301 303 304 305 306 310 324 329 330 331 333 334 335 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 351 352 353 354 355 358 359 360 361 363 364 365 366 367 371 373 374 375 377 379 380 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393C 394 399 402 405 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 418 419 420 422 431 435 438 439 440 443 444 446 447 448 449 461 470 471 473 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 500 501 505 506 507 509 510 511 512 513 515 516 517 518 520 521 522 523C 525 527 528 529 530 532 533 534 535 537 543 544 546 547 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 560 561 563 564 565 566 568 569 574 575 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 590 591 592 594 596 597 600 645 649 651 652 655 657 660C 662 663 664 666 668 672 676 677 679 680 683 684 685 688 689 690 691 692 693 694 696 697 699 700 703 706 707 708 711 713 714 715 717 718 719 720 723 724 725 726 727 729 730 731 732 734 736 737 738 741 744 745 746 747 750 752 753 754 755 757 758 759 760 761 762 763 764 765 766 768 769 772S 773 774 775 776 777 778 779 780 781 782 783 784 785 786 787 788 789 790 791 793 794S 795 796 797 798 799 800 801 804 806 808 809 811 817 818 820 822 824 825 826 827 828 830 833 834 835 836 839 842 843 844 845 851 852 854 855 858 861 863 864 871 875 877 878 880 881 886 890 892 893 896 900 901 902 903 905 906 923 924 925 926 928 929 931 932 933 934 935 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 948 951 952 953 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 963 964 965 966 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 978 979 980 983 986 987 988 989 991 992 994 997 998 999 1000 1001 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1017 1018 1019 1020 1023 1024 1025 1026 1028 1030 1032 1033 1035 1036 1037 1040 1041 1044 1046 1050 1052 1053 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1063 1065 1068 1071 1072 1073 1075 1076 1077 1078C 1079 1080 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1088 1089 1090 1092 1093 1095 1096 1097 1110 1111 1113 1117 1118 1120 1121 1122 1123 1125 1126 1127 1130 1131 1132 1133 1135 1136 1138 1144 1145 1146 1148 1149 1152 1155 1160 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1178 1179 1180 1182 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1193 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1210 1211 1212 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1242 1243 1247 1248 1250 1251 1252 1260 1261 1262 1263C 1266 1268 1269 1273 1278 1281 1282 1285 1288 1290 1291 1292 1293 1294 1296 1297 1298 1301 1302 1303 1305 1309 1310S 1312 1313 1314 1315 1316 1317 1318 1319 1322 1323 1324 1326 1327 1328 1329 1330 1333 1334 1335 1336 1338 1339 1340 1341 1343 1346 1347 1350 1352 1353 1354 1355 1356 1357 1358 1359 1362 1364 1365 1367 1375 1377 1383 1384 1385 1387 1388 1390 1391 1392 1393 1395 1397 1399 1400 1401 1402 1404 1408 1409 1410 1413 1414S 1415 1418 1421 1422 1424 1432 1434 1435 1436 1438 1439 1441 1442 1443 1444 1445 1446 1447 1448 1449 1451 1452 1453 1454 1455 1456 1457 1458 1460 1461 1462 1463 1464S 1465 1466 1468 1470 1471 1472 1473 1474 1475 1476 1477 1478 1479 1480 1482 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1503 1508 1510 1511 1519 1521 1528 1530 1531 1534 1535 1536 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1555 1556 1559 1560 1562 1563 1564 1570 1572 1573 1575 1576 1577 1578 1579 1580 1581 1583 1584 1585 1586 1587 1588 1589 1590 1591 1592 1594 1595* 1597 1600 1601 1602 1603 1604 1605 1606C 1609 1612 1613 1615 1617 1620 1622 1623 1624 1625 1628 1629 1630 1632 1633 1634 1635 1637 1639 1640 1641 1642 1643 1645 1646 1647 1649 1651 1652 1653 1659 1660 1664 1665 1666 1667 1671 1672 1675 1676 1677 1678 1680 1682 1685 1686 1687 1688 1690 1691 1692 1693 1694 1697 1698 1699 1700 1701 1702 1703 1713 1797 1800 1802 1804 1808* 1813 1814 1901 1966 2095 2097 2099 2100 2101 2109 2112 2117 2118 2120 2122 2123 2126 2127 2131 2132 2133 2135 2139 2141 2142 2146 2147 2148 2172 2173 2174 2175 2176 2177 2181 2182 2193 2199 2201 2204 2206 2213 2215 2217 2220 2221 2223 2224 2229 2238 2260 2261 2263 2265 2266 2267 2273 2277 2278 2280 2281 2283 2284 2287 2291 2292C 2295 2296 2297 2301 2304 2307 2314 2315 2317 2321 2322 2323 2324 2328 2352 2354 2355 2356 2362 2367 2369 2370 2371 2372 2373 2374 2375 2381 2382 2383 2386 2387 2388 2390 2394 2396 2397 2398 2400 2404 2405 2406 2407 2411 2414 2420 2422 2426 2430 2439 2442 2444 2452 2454 2458 2460 2465 2467 2470 2471 2472 2476 2477 2478 2479 2482 2483 2487 2488 2489 2490 2492 2494 2496 2497 2499 2502 2503 2507 2508 2509 2510 2511 2515 2516 2518 2520 2523 2525 2528S 2530 2539 2545 2546 2550 2551 2554 2555 2557 2559S 2561 2562 2567 2571 2577 2578 2579 2581 2583 2586 2590 2591 2592 2598 2603 2604 2605 2606 2608S 2610 2613 2614 2615 2616 2620 2622 2623 2624 2633 2634 2635 2636 2637 2645 2646 2650 2653 2656 2658 2660 2665 2666 2670 2673 2684 2687 2689 2691 2692 2693S 2694 2695 2697 2702 2703 2706 2707 2708 2709 2710 2713 2714 2718 2722 2726 2727C 2728S 2729 2730 2734 2735 2745 2749 2754 2756 2757 2760 2765 2766 2767 2770 2780 2781 2783 2787 2788 2806 2808 2809 2812 2831* 2836
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1321

1B    προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
032 728 751 792 889 899C 1021 1159 1289 1403 1406 1505 1808C 2236 2715
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 15

1C    προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων και διωκοντων υμας
949 1506
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 2

1D    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρειαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
1546
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1E    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των υπηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
1232
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1F    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων και διωκοντων υμας
05 39 40S 157 169 263 423 716 735 740 856 954 995 1043 1048 1345 1394 1582C 1780 1823 2195 2290S 2705 2737 2774 2775
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 26

1G    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και των διωκοντων υμας
1008
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1H    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων
10 33 154* 163 178C 179 193 214 235 297 417 519 733 819 860 873 895 1039 1047S 1074 1091 1137 1181 1194 1342 1386 1396 1467 1481 1532 1533 1557 1595C 1695 1704 1712 2108 2159 2207 2676 2680
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 41

1I    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και μισουντων και διωκοντων υμας
904
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1J    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηριαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
2831C
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1K    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των πηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
2585
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1L    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων ημας
173 2107
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 2

1M    και προσευχετε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
1272
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1N    και ευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
376 803 888 922 927 982 1280 1558 1670 1816 2178 2191 2255
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 13

1O    και ευχεσθε υπερ των επιρεζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
722
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1P    και προσευχεσθε υπερ αυτων των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
2727*
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1Q    και προσευχεσθε υπερ επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
1114
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1R    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηραζωντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
1064
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1S    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των πηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας
295
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1T    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηραζοντων και διωκοντων υμας
372C
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1U    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων ημας και διωκοντων υμας
038* 1042S 1213 2612
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 4

1V    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμων και διωκοντων υμας
485
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1W    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμιν και διωκοντων υμας
406
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1X    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και των διωκοντων υμας
142 1420
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 2

1Y    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντας υμας
1062
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

1Z    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και αδικουντων υμας
523* 524
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 2

1ZA    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων ημας
1348 1606* 2521
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 3

2    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των διωκοντων υμας
01 03 1 22 205 209 279 660* 1192 1582* 2701S 2786*
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 12

3    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας
047 156 160 178* 191 211 233 350 393* 395 504 571 595 872 930 1078* 1081 1230 1241 1263* 1279 1299 1320 1321 1325C 1389 1450 1502 1631 1668 2292* 2446 2524 2533 2685 2724 2786C 2810
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 38

3B    προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας
899*
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

3C    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων ημας
1038
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

3D    και ευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμας
445
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

3E    και προσευχεσθε απο των επηρεαζοντων υμας
548
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

3F    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηραζοντων υμας
372*
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

3G    και προσευχεσθε υπερ των επηρεαζοντων υμιν
180
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

4    και διωκοντων υμας
996 1661
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 2

4B    και διωκοντων ημας
59*
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 1

5    Omit
428 1325*
NUMBER OF WITNESSES: 2

3 comments:

AnonymousDecember 7, 2011 at 2:02 PM
Awesome listing of the manuscript evidence and very useful selection of citations from classic text critical authors. You necessarily overlap but still complement Wieland Willker's Gospels commentary.

Excellent work which I hope you manage to complete (it's a massive job you're doing here). Definitely going on the bookmarks and text critical blogroll.

Chuck Grantham
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Jonathan C. BorlandDecember 7, 2011 at 6:29 PM
Thanks for your comment, Chuck. I don't really focus on the arguments that are found in Willker's, Metzger's, or Comfort's commentaries, since what I'm trying to do is present alternative explanations, rooted in the historical text-critical masters, to the generally superficial explanations found in most modern commentaries, if such even mention the variation at all.
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AnonymousDecember 7, 2011 at 9:43 PM
Jonathan,

That's the trouble with many of us exposed to textual criticism: we frequently only have experience with the minor editions and their accompanying discussion.

This site is a useful counter to that problem.

Chuck Grantham
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Zahn, Theodor. Das Evangelium des Matthäus. 4th ed. Kommentar zum Neuen Testament 1. Leipzig: A. Deichert, 1922.

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Monday, December 5, 2011

Matt 5:44 επηρεαζοντων υμας και διωκοντων υμας

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